Search results for " tissue engineering"
showing 10 items of 103 documents
Improvement of osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells on composite poly l-lactic acid/nano-hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone defe…
2020
Tissue engineering offers new approaches to repair bone defects, which cannot be repaired physiologically, developing scaffolds that mimic bone tissue architecture. Furthermore, biomechanical stimulation induced by bioreactor, provides biomechanical cues that regulate a wide range of cellular events especially required for cellular differentiation and function. The improvement of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) colonization in poly-L-lactic-acid (PLLA)/nano- hydroxyapatite (nHA) composite scaffold was evaluated in terms of cell proliferation (dsDNA content), bone differen- tiation (gene expression and protein synthesis) and ultrastructural analysis by comparing static (s3D) and dynamic…
Hydrogel‐Based 3D Bioprinting for Bone and Cartilage Tissue Engineering
2020
As a milestone in soft and hard tissue engineering, a precise control over the micropatterns of scaffolds has lightened new opportunities for the recapitulation of native body organs through three dimentional (3D) bioprinting approaches. Well-printable bioinks are prerequisites for the bioprinting of tissues/organs where hydrogels play a critical role. Despite the outstanding developments in 3D engineered microstructures, current printer devices suffer from the risk of exposing loaded living agents to mechanical (nozzle-based) and thermal (nozzle-free) stresses. Thus, tuning the rheological, physical, and mechanical properties of hydrogels is a promising solution to address these issues. Th…
Human platelet-rich plasma improves the nesting and differentiation of human chondrocytes cultured in stabilized porous chitosan scaffolds
2017
[EN] The clinical management of large-size cartilage lesions is difficult due to the limited regenerative ability of the cartilage. Different biomaterials have been used to develop tissue engineering substitutes for cartilage repair, including chitosan alone or in combination with growth factors to improve its chondrogenic properties. The main objective of this investigation was to evaluate the benefits of combining activated platelet-rich plasma with a stabilized porous chitosan scaffold for cartilage regeneration. To achieve this purpose, stabilized porous chitosan scaffolds were prepared using freeze gelation and combined with activated platelet-rich plasma. Human primary articular chond…
Multicellular Interactions in 3D Engineered Myocardial Tissue
2018
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death in the US and many countries worldwide. Current cell-based clinical trials to restore cardiomyocyte (CM) health by local delivery of cells have shown only moderate benefit in improving cardiac pumping capacity. CMs have highly organized physiological structure and interact dynamically with non-CM populations, including endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Within engineered myocardial tissue, non-CM populations play an important role in CM survival and function, in part by secreting paracrine factors and cell-cell interactions. In this review, we will summarize the progress of engineering myocardial tissue with pre-formed physiological multice…
Primary Mucosal Epithelial Cell Cultivation: A Reliable and Accelerated Isolation
2019
We illustrate a reliable and accelerated isolation routine for mucosal epithelial cells, which thereupon can be used for soft tissue engineering. This is highly important in the field of soft tissue engineering because mucosal equivalents are frequently usable in several surgical fields like gynecology, urology, otorhinolaryngology, ophthalmology, maxillofacial surgery, and many others. In this context the isolation of mucosal epithelial cells suitable for tissue engineering is mandatory. The reliable cultivation of mucosal or skin epithelial cells is challenging and there is currently no reproducible method. We demonstrate a solution for this problem by developing an accelerated and nevert…
Double Flow Bioreactor for In Vitro Test of Drug Delivery.
2015
In this work, double-structured polymeric scaffolds were produced, and a double flow bioreactor was designed and set up in order to create a novel system to carry out advanced in vitro drug delivery tests. The scaffolds, consisting of a cylindrical porous matrix, are able to host cells, thus mimicking a three-dimensional tumor mass: moreover, a âpseudo-vascularâ structure was embedded into the matrix, with the aim of allowing a flow circulation. The structure that emulates a blood vessel is a porous tubular-shaped scaffold prepared by Diffusion Induced Phase Separation (DIPS), with an internal lumen of 2 mm and a wall thickness of 200 micrometers. The as-prepared vessel was incorporated…
A 3D‑scaffold of PLLA induces the morphological differentiation and migration of primary astrocytes and promotes the production of extracellular vesi…
2019
The present study analyzed the ability of primary rat astrocytes to colonize a porous scaffold, mimicking the reticular structure of the brain parenchyma extracellular matrix, as well as their ability to grow, survive and differentiate on the scaffold. Scaffolds were prepared using poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) via thermally-induced phase separation. Firstly, the present study studied the effects of scaffold morphology on the growth of astrocytes, evaluating their capability to colonize. Specifically, two different morphologies were tested, which were obtained by changing the polymer concentration in the starting solution. The structures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, and a…
Heart valve tissue engineering: how far is the bedside from the bench?
2015
Heart disease, including valve pathologies, is the leading cause of death worldwide. Despite the progress made thanks to improving transplantation techniques, a perfect valve substitute has not yet been developed: once a diseased valve is replaced with current technologies, the newly implanted valve still needs to be changed some time in the future. This situation is particularly dramatic in the case of children and young adults, because of the necessity of valve growth during the patient's life. Our review focuses on the current status of heart valve (HV) therapy and the challenges that must be solved in the development of new approaches based on tissue engineering. Scientists and physicia…
Three-Dimensional Bioprinting for Cartilage Tissue Engineering: Insights into Naturally-Derived Bioinks from Land and Marine Sources
2022
In regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, the possibility to: (I) customize the shape and size of scaffolds, (II) develop highly mimicked tissues with a precise digital control, (III) manufacture complex structures and (IV) reduce the wastes related to the production process, are the main advantages of additive manufacturing technologies such as three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting. Specifically, this technique, which uses suitable hydrogel-based bioinks, enriched with cells and/or growth factors, has received significant consideration, especially in cartilage tissue engineering (CTE). In this field of interest, it may allow mimicking the complex native zonal hyaline cartilage organiza…
Combination of silica nanoparticles with hydroxyapatite reinforces poly (l-lactide acid) scaffolds without loss of bioactivity
2013
Composite scaffolds of poly(l-lactide acid) and hydroxyapatite are of great interest in bone tissue engineering, but their mechanical properties are typically inferior to scaffolds of pure poly(l-lactide acid) due to agglomeration of the particles and weak interfacial component interaction. Fabrication strategies like double sonication of hydroxyapatite or increasing the amount of this inorganic filler do not effectively enhance the mechanical performance. In this study, poly(l-lactide acid) composites combining two types of fillers, mesoporous silica (SiO2) nanoparticles and hydroxyapatite, were developed to reinforce the poly(l-lactide acid) scaffold without any loss of bioactivity. A 5%…